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英语介词不能独自运用，有必要带上宾语构成介词短语，或依附在不及物动词后面运用。英语不及物动词不能直接带宾语，有必要加上适当的介词才能带宾语。介词短语可以在语句中充任状语，定语，表语和宾语补语。
一.介词at/ in /on 表明时刻，做时刻状语
1).表明某一详细时刻点，某一时刻/ 年纪
at six o’clock六点钟 at noon 正午at that time其时 at the moment 那一刻at the age of在……岁时 at night 晚上
2)in表明时刻段,一天的三个时刻段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(或人几十岁时)in the morning早上/ in afternoon 下午/in evening 黄昏in spring 春天/in /in March 五月，in the twenty-first century 二十一世纪，in his fifties五十几岁
3)on表明星期几/某一详细的日子/详细某天的上午/下午/晚上,表明一天中的三个时刻段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时.
On Monday evening星期一黄昏on a rainy night 一个下雨的夜晚on the morning of April 1st ,2018，2018年4月1日早上
二、表地址，做地址状语
1)at 一般指较小的地址或较详细的位置at the station在车站 at the cinema 在电影院
2)in 表明在较大的地址或一个有限空间里.in China在我国 in the classroom 在教室里
3)on 指在某物体的外表上.on the desk在桌子上
三.介词in /on / to 表方位的差异
1.in表明A地在B地规模之内.(包含联系)
Taiwan is ____ the southeast of China .(in)
2.on表明A,B地接壤.(外切联系)
Hubei is ____ the north of Hunan .(on)
3.to表明A,B两地有必定的距离.(外离联系)
Japan is _____ the east of China .(to)
四. between 与among 的差异
1.between :指两者之间. 在…….之间.
2.among :用于三者或三者以上人或物之间. 在……之中.
You sit _____ him and me .(between)
The song is popular ______ the students.(among)
五.after与in 的差异
1)after + 时刻段. 表明以曩昔某一时刻为起点的一段时刻之后, 用于曩昔时.
2)after 作介词. after doing sth
3).in +一段时刻. 表明说话时或以现在为起点的将来一段时刻之后.用于将来时.
He came back ______ two days .(after)
He will go home___finishing his homework .(after)
He will come back _____ two days .(in)
六.with 、 in 与 by 的差异
1.with 表明 “用…” 一般指有形的东西 / 手法 / 人体器官.
He cut the apple into halves ____ a knife .(with)
He came in _____ a big smile on his face .(with)
2.in表明用某种言语,办法,途径. 或书写/绘画所用的资料. 也可表交通办法.
Can you say it _____English ?(in)
He wrote a letter ____ blue ink .(in)
3.by表明乘坐交通东西, 表明办法,办法
I study for a test _____ working with a group .(by)
He makes a living ____ selling newspapers .(by)
七.across 、through 、 over 、by 的差异
1.across 指横穿,穿过. 表明动作从某一物体外表上通过.
2.through 指穿过,透过,表明从某一物体空间内通过.
3.over 表明从或人或某物的上空通过或跳过,不与外表触摸.
4.by 表明从或人/某物的周围通过.
Can you swim ______ the river ?(across)
The elephant is so big that it can’t go _____ the gate .(through)
I don’t think anyone can jump ___ the fence.(over)
I walked _____ the bank of China yesterday .(by)
八.in front of / in the front of 的差异
1.in the front of 表明在…….内部的前面
2.in front of 表明在……外面的前面
There is a desk in the front of our classroom .
There is a big tree in front of our classroom.
九.其它介词的用法：
1.at的其它用法.
1).表明 “从事或正在做某事”,这以后加的名词往往不加冠词.
She is at work now = She is working now .
2)at表明 “价格或速度”
The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour .
2.in的其他用法:
1)in表明 “在……方面” ， 词组:do well in = be good at ， be weak in
2)in 表明 “穿戴”后接表色彩的词或衣服.
词组: be in +衣服 = be wearing +衣服
3)in作副词, “在家” = at home
3.like 的用法:
1).像/和……一样. 常与系动词连用. 词组: look like sound like
2).与what 连用, “是什么姿态, 怎样”.
What is he like ? He is kind .
4.off的用法:
1).从……下来, 脱离某物体.词组: fall off
2). “度假”通常放在时刻名词之后. 词组: have +时刻+ off
He hasn’t had a night off for two hours .
5.except / besides
1).except 除了…….之外, 都……. . 不包含在规模之内. 注: nothing but … 除了……之外,什么也没有.
2).besides除了……之外,还有…… . 包含在规模之内.
We all went swimming ______ Lucy .(except)
There is _______ a letter in the box .(nothing but )
We study Japanese and French____ English .(besides)
6.with / without
1).with具有,含有 -----反义词: without 没有; 词组: with the help of = with one’s help =because of = thanks to ，
without one’s help
2).without 的用法:
A).without + sb./ sth. 没有或人或某物
B).without + doing sth .
He left here without____(say ) “Goodbye “to us(saying)
C). without sth 常与if 引导的否定的条件句.
If there is no water , we can’t live .= We can’t live without water .
7.on the tree /in the tree
on the tree 表明 “树上本身长的东西” 在树上. 而in the tree 表明 “外界的物体进入树中” 人或物在树上.
There are some apples _____ the tree .(on)
There is a boy ____ the tree.(in)
8.since / for
注: since / for 用于现在完成时.
1).since :a).since +时刻点 b). 现在完成时+ since +一般曩昔时c).since +一段时刻+ ago.
2)for: for +一段时刻= since +一段时刻+ ago
9.be made +介词的差异:
be made of 由…制成 (看得见原资料)
be made from由…制成 (看不见原资料)
be made in +地址 由哪儿出产
be made by sb. 由或人制作
10.表明 “数量的介词”
about , round around over
1). about , round around表明 “大约……”
2).over 表明 “超越”= more than.
11.inside / outside
Inside 在……里面 ------反义词:outside在….外面
12.in the wall /on the wall
in the wall 表明“门窗在墙上” on the wall 表明“某东西粘贴或挂在墙上”
十、.不必介词的状况:
1).其时刻状为: tonight, today, yesterday, tomorrow 等时,不必介词.
What are you going to do tonight ?
2).含有this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each等时刻状语.
He went to Wuhan last week .
3).以all 开头的时刻状语前面不必介词.
He has worked all day .
4).以some ,any, one 等构成的时刻状语前不必介词.
He met a bad man one cold morning .= He met a bad man on a cold morning .
