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原标题:大学英语9类代词用法的全部汇总(附例句)
代词是大学英语包括中考英语考试中必定要考到的语法常识点,也是英语学习进程中的基础。
下面就和我们一同来看看需要我们掌控的代词的常识点有哪些吧。
代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、联络代词、疑问代词、联接代词和不定代词等。
1、人称代词:人称代词替代人和事物的称号,分为主格和宾格两种方法。
第一人 称奇数 |
第二人 称奇数 |
第三人称奇数 |
第一人称复数 |
第二人称复数 |
第三人称复数 |
|||
阳性 |
阴性 |
中性 |
||||||
主 格 |
I (我) |
you (你) |
he (他) |
she (她) |
it (它) |
we (咱们) |
you (你们) |
they (他们,她们,它们) |
宾 格 |
me (我) |
you (你) |
him (他) |
her (她) |
it (她) |
us (咱们) |
you (你们) |
them (他们,她们,它们) |
(1)主格用来作语句的主语、表语。
I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)
Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?)
Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?)
It’s he!(是他!)
(2)宾格用来作及物动词或许介词的宾语。
Who teaches you English this year?(本年谁教你们的英语?)
Help me!(救救我!)
We often write letters to her.(咱们常给他写信)
(3)人称代词作表语或许放在比照状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格方法,也可以用宾格方法,口语中大多用宾格。
–It’s I/me.(是我。)
(4)三个不一样人称一起呈现,或许主语中包括“我”时,依照“you→he→I”的次序表达。
Both he and I are working at that computer company.
(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班)
–Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?)
–You and me.(你和我)
(5)人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以标明“时刻、气候、温度、间隔、情况”等意义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”运用,替代作主语或许宾语的不定式、动名词或许名词性从句。
--What’s the time?(几点啦?)
–It’s 12:00.(12点)
It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)
It took him three days to clean his house.
.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时刻)
It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space
(很显着,大众想晓得这些人啥时分能进入太空)
2、物主代词:阐明事物所属联络的代词,分为描述词性和名词性两种。
第一人 称奇数 |
第二人 称奇数 |
第三人称奇数 |
第一人称复 数 |
第二人称复数 |
第三人称复数 |
|||
阳性 |
阴性 |
中性 |
||||||
描述 词性 |
my (我的) |
your (你的) |
his (他的) |
her (她的) |
its (它的) |
our (咱们的) |
your (你们的) |
their (他们的,她们的,它们的) |
名词 性 |
mine (我的) |
Yours (你的) |
his (他的) |
hers (她的) |
its (她的) |
ours (咱们的) |
yours (你们的) |
theirs(他们的,她们的,它们的) |
(1)描述词性物主代词只能作语句中名词的润饰语,后边要跟名词。
Is that your umbrella?
(那是你的伞吗?)
I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.
(我常常在星期天去看望阿姨)
They are their books.(是他们的书)
(2)名词性物主代词恰当于名词,既替代事物又标明所属联络,在语句中一般独登时作主语、宾语或许表语,后边千万不可以以跟名词。
This is your cup,but where is mine?
(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿?)
Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.
(你们的教室很大,咱们的恰当小)
(3)“of + 名词性物主代词”称为两层一切格,作定语时放在名词的后边。
A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.
(我的一个兄弟昨日来看我了) (指若干兄弟中有一个来看我。)
My friend came to see me yesterday.
(我的兄弟昨日来看我了)(指我的那个特定的兄弟来看我。)
(1)反身代词在语句中作宾语标明反射(指一个动作回到该动作实施者本身)。
第一人 称奇数 |
第二人 称奇数 |
第三人称奇数 |
第一人称复数 |
第二人称复数 |
第三人称复数 |
||
阳性 |
阴性 |
中性 |
|||||
myself (我自个) |
yourself (你自个) |
himself (他自个) |
herself (她自个) |
itself (它自个) |
ourselves (咱们自个) |
yourselves (你们自个) |
themselves (他们/她们/它们自个) |
(1)反身代词在语句中作宾语标明反射(指一个动作回到该动作实施者本身)。
Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.
(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的)
(2)在语句中作同位语标明偏重(即用来偏重名词或代词的口气)。
The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.
(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好)
4.指示代词: 指示阐明近处或许远处、上文或许下文、早年或许如今的人或事物。
奇数 |
复数 |
意义 |
this(这个) |
these(这些) |
指较近的人和物 |
that(那个) |
those(那些) |
指较远的人和物 |
such (这样的人/物) |
指上文提过的人和物 |
|
same (相同的人/物) |
指和上文提过的相同的人和物 |
|
it (这人/这物) |
指不太理解是谁或许是啥时 |
指示代词既可以单独运用做语句的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语润饰名词。
What’s this?(这是啥?) /
That model plane is made of plastic.
(那只模型飞机是塑料做的)(被逼句) /
Remember never to do such things.
(记住永久不要做这样的作业) /
Do the same as the teacher tells you. (按教师说的做)/
---Who is it?(是谁?) -
--It’s me!(是我!)
5.联络代词:用来引导定语从句的代词叫联络代词
1、联络代词who 、which、 that 、whom、whose、as 等,将定语从句和主句联接起来。
英语中的联络代词一方面在从句中担任必定的成分,另一方面又起联接作用。
The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在画画的学生是一大学的)
2、联络代词who / whom指
人,假定作从句的宾语,则有时省掉。
Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat?
(你知道那个戴着红帽子的男人吗?)
3、联络代词which 指物,假定作从句的宾语,则有时省掉。
Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?
(你找到几天前丢掉的那本书了吗?)
4、联络代词that既可指人也可指物,假定作从句的宾语,则有时省掉。
Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank ?(你看得见顺着河跑的男人/狗了吗?)
6.联接代词:用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的联接词称联接代词。英语中联接代词首要有:what,who,whom,which,whose
7.疑问代词:用来提出疑问的代词称为疑问代词。
1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever首要用于特别疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who替代whom作宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。
Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?
(你都聘请了谁参加你的生日集会的?) /
What does she want to be when she grows up?
(她长大了想干啥?)
2、who 和whom只能独立运用,其间
who可以作语句的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语;而what、which、whose等既可以独立运用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。
Who is that man?(那男的是谁?)
What colour are their hats?(他们的帽子是啥颜色?)
Which car was made in Germany?(哪辆车是德国造的?)(被逼句)
3、疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物抉择单复数,可是一般用奇数;假定润饰名词,则以名词的单复数为准。
Who is (are) in that playhouse?(谁在游戏房里?)
What is that? (那是啥?)
What are those? (那些是啥?)
What colours do they have?(它们有哪些颜色?)
8.不定代词:替代或润饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。
奇数 意义 |
some any |
no none |
/ |
/ |
each (every) |
one |
either, neither |
so |
the other, another |
复合不 定代词 |
不可以数 意义 |
much |
little, a little |
all |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
||
复数 意义 |
many |
few, a few |
ones |
both |
others, the others |
※ 注:复合舶代词有12个:something(某事), someone(或人), somebody(或人), anything
(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(悉数), everyone(每自个), everybody(每自个).
1、some和 any 的用法:
some一般用于必定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可润饰可数名词或不可以数名词。
I have some work to do today. (今日我有些作业要做)
They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿)
some 用于疑问句时,标明主张、恳求或期望得到必定答复。
Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗?)
any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可润饰可数或不可以数名词。
They didn’t have any friends here. (他们在这儿没有兄弟)
Have you got any questions to ask?(你有疑问要问吗?)
any 用于必定句时,意思是“任何的”。
Come here with any friend.(随意带啥兄弟来吧。)
2、no和none的用法:
no是描述词,只能作定语标明,意思是“没有”,润饰可数名词(奇数或复数)或不可以数名词。
There is no time left. Please hurry up.(没有时刻了,请快点) /
They had no reading books to lend.
(他们没有阅览用书可以出借)
none只能独立运用,在语句中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一自个(或事物)”,标明复数或奇数。
None of them is/are in the classroom.
(他们傍边没有一个在教室里) /
I have many books, but none is interesting.
(我有许多的书,但没有一本是风趣的)
3、all和both的用法:
all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来替代或润饰可数名词;也可用来替代或润饰不可以数名词。
both指两自个或物,用来替代或润饰可数名词。
all和both在语句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
I know all of the four British students in their school.
(他们学校里四个英国学生我全知道)
--Would you like this one or that one?–Both.
(你要这个仍是那个?两个都要。)
all和both既可以润饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立运用,选用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的方法,其间的of 可以省掉。
All (of) the boys are naughty.(是男孩都狡猾)
4、every和each用法:
every是描述词,只能作定语润饰奇数名词,意思是“每一个”,标明全体概念;
each是描述词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个”或许“各个”,标明单个概念;each可以放在名词前,可今后跟of短语,与动词一起呈现时要放在“be动词、助动词、神态动词”之后或许行为动词之前
5、either和neither的用法:
either意思是“两个中心的任何一个”;neither是either的否定方法,意思是“两个都不”。
neither和either在语句中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作奇数。
I don’t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. (我不介意喝些啥,两个之中随意哪个都行)
--Will you go there by bus or by car? –Neither. I will go there by train.(你坐公车去仍是坐轿车去?一个都不坐,我坐火车去。)
6、other、the other和another的用法:
other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数方法。在语句中可作主语、宾语和定语。
another意思是“另外”、“又一个”,标明添加,在句中可作宾语和定语。
Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking.
(有些女孩在大苹果树下歌唱,另外就躺在草地上说话)
You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one?(你现已吃了好几块饼子了,你真的还要一块?)
I want another four books.(我还要四本书)
another(另外的,再一,又一)与the other(另外的一个) 首要从数量上区别,只需两个时用the other,在原先基础上添加用another。
This is one of your socks. Where is the other one?
(这是你的一只袜子,还有一只呢?)
I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.
(我现已吃了4块蛋糕,可是我还要以块。)
others与the others的首要差异:
others指“剩下的人/物”(指大有些);
the others指“其他的人/物”,(指悉数)。
A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them.(有几个学生在踢足球,其他一些人在观看)
Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.(十个男孩中有两个站着,其别人都围着他们坐着。)
7.many和much的用法:
many意思是“许多”,与可数名词复数连用;
much意思是“许多”,与不可以数名词连用。
它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。
I don’t have many friends here.(在这儿我没有许多的兄弟。) Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交事端中损失)
We can learn much with the help of him.
(在他的协助之下咱们能学到许多)
many和much一般用于否定句,必定句中一般用a lot of 或许lots of; many / much用于必定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.
There are a lot of people on the playground.
(操场上有许多的人)
They haven’t got much work to do.
(他们没有多少作业可做)
There are too many people in the room.
(房间里人太多了。)
8、few、little、a few、a little的用法:
few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,
a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有必定的意思 ,
few、a few与可数名词连用或替代可数的事物,
little、a little与不可以数名词连用或替代不可以数的事物。
它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。
He is very poor and he has little money.
(他很穷,几乎没有啥钱。)
Don’t worry. There is still a little time left.
(别着急,还有一点儿时刻呢。)
In that polar region there live few people.
(在那个极地区域几乎不住人)
You can get a few sweets from him.
(你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖块)
9、复合舶代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合舶代词,在语句中当奇数运用。
somebody, something, someone 一般用于必定句中,
anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。
润饰复合舶代词的定语,应放在它们的后边。
Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.
(嗨,丽丽,门外有人。)
Did you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?(上个星期天你来学校时见到啥人了吗?)
He has nothing much to do today.(他今日没有多少作业做)
10、one与ones用来替代上文的一个或多自个或事物,前面可以加冠词、描述词、指示代词、which等。
Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?
(你要哪件夹克,这件仍是那件?
I don’t like the green ones.
(我不喜爱绿色的那些)
11、so可以替代一件作业,作语句的宾语或表语。
I don’t think so.(我认为不是这样的。)
He lost a book. So did I.(他丢掉了一本书,我也是。)
12、a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的差异:五个“名词+介词”短语都标明“许多,许多”。
a lot of(或lots of)既可以润饰不可以数名词也可以润饰可数名词的复数方法,可以相应地换为much和many;
plenty of“满足、许多”,既可以润饰不可以数名词也可以润饰可数名词的复数方法。
a number of / large numbers of只可以润饰可数名词复数方法(它润饰的词作主语时谓语用复数方法)可以换为some、many、a lot of、plenty of。
a great deal of只可以润饰不可以数名词(它润饰的词作主语时谓语用奇数方法)可以换为much。
A lot of people think that time is money.
(许多的人认为时刻就是金钱。)
I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不着匆促,因为我有足够的时刻。)
I have a number of letters to write today.
(今日我有许多信要写)
I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.
(在购物方面我花费了许多的时刻/金钱。)
13、none、no one、nobody的差异:
no one和nobody都标明“没有人”,仅指人,后边不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用奇数方法;
none标明“没有一自个/物”,可指人也可以指物,后边可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用奇数也可用复数。
No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.
(没有人晓得他是怎样搞到那张票的)
Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.
(昨日没有一自个交作文。)
None of my friends came to see me that day.
(那天没有一个兄弟来看我。)
9.彼此代词:标明彼此联络的词叫彼此代词。
each other ,one another是彼此代词,译成“彼此”,可以通用。each other标明两者之间,而one anther标明许多人之间。它们有一切格方法each other’s ,one another’s。
We must help each other when we are in trouble.
(咱们身处窘境时要彼此协助。)
They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他们坐在那儿,彼此都不说话。)回来搜狐,查看更多
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