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学霸君在以前的文章中曾先容过英式英语和美式英语在拼写、发音、日期和用词上的一些区分,这里开展聊一聊这两种英语在语法上的区分,一块儿来看看吧!
文|魏剑峰
From 英文悦读
微旌旗灯号:read_the_economist
(1)时态
如今完成时在英式英语中的利用要比在美式英语中更多,描写一个方才完成并对如今发生影响的动作,英式英语通经常使用如今完成时,而美式英语用一般曩昔时的环境更多,出格是与yet/just/already等词连用的环境。举个例子:
英式英语:
(a) Ihave lostmy mobile phone. Have you seen it?
(b) Ihave just finishedmy homework.
美式英语:
(a) Ilostmy mobile phone. Did you see it?
(b) Ijust finishedmy homework.
(2)调集名词
英式英语中对付family, band, group, team如许的调集名词,后面的谓语动词可以用单数或复数情势,而美式英语中谓语动词用单数情势,好比:
英式英语:
(a) My family is/are visiting from Pakistan.
(b) My team is/are winning the match.
美式英语:
(a) My family is visiting from Pakistan.
(b) My team is winning the match.
但police这个调集名词是破例,英式和美式英语中police后面的谓语动词必需用复数,好比:The policeareinvestigating the crime.
(3)shall
英式英语中在谈及将来时人们会利用情
态动词shall(出格是在正式场所中),好比:Ishallbe back in a minute. 而美式英语用的情态动词是will,比方:I will be back in a minute.
(4)have/have got
英式英语白话中人们常常用have got something来取代have something,好比:I’ve gota picture of you when you were a teenager. Do you want to see it? 而美式英语中这一用法比力少。
(5)have got to/have to
英式英语中常常用have got to do something来取代have to do something,好比:I've got to be at the hospital at 4 o'clock. 我必需四点到病院。而美式英语用have to do something比力多。
(6)got/gotten
美式英语中get的曩昔分词是gotten,好比:You could havegottenhurt! 而英式英语中是got,比方:You could havegothurt! 但必要注重的一点是,have got to do something是固定说法,不克不及写成havegotten todo something
(7)介词
英式英语和美式英语在介词上的区分重要体如今at/in/on这几个词的用法上,“在周末”美式英语用on the weekend比力多,而英式英语则用at the weekend,好比英国媒体BBC的文章题目用的就是at the weekend
在否认句中美式英语会用“in+时候段”来暗示某状况延续了一段时候,而英式英语用的介词是for,好比美式英语:I haven’t talked to my brotherin three years. 英式英语则是:I haven’t talked to my brotherfor three years.
在暗示街道名的时辰美式英语通经常使用on
XX Street, 英式英语用in XX Street更多。
参考资料:
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