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??As another class of college seniors prepares to finish their finalsemesterof school, they might focus on finals and jobinterviews – but they should alsothink about what awaits themonce they get those jobs. There’s plenty that willbe new tothem about the work world, some of it pleasant (paid vacation!)and someof it less so.
关于又一届即将结束大学最终一学期的大四学生来说，他们最重视的疑问可所以结业考试和作业面试。可是他们相同要思考的作业后的景象。作业领域中有许多新事物，有些令人愉悦(比方带薪休假!)，但有些却不是这样。
Here are 10 things that entry-level workers don’t always realize in theirfirst 
jobs – but willhopefully figure out quickly.
这儿是给职场新人的十个主张。他们在初度作业中一般不能很直爽识到这些，不过期望他们很快能弄理解。
1.The salary you accept when you take the job is the one you need to livewith for atleast a year. People new to the professional workforce don’t alwaysrealize that and think theycan negotiate a raise after, say, three or sixmonths. Attempting that won’t go over well with mostemployers, since theconvention is that you typically can’t ask for a salary increase untilyou’vebeen on the job for at least a year.
你承受作业时附和的薪水数额至少是一年里你的日子费用来历。迈入职场的新我们一般都没有知道到一点，而且也认为他们在之后的3到6个月里就可以协商添加薪水。做这种测验，在大都雇主那里是行不通的，因为依照常规，至少作业满一年今后才干够需求涨薪。
2.When you were in school, making a mistake on a test or a paper or handingin worklate only affected you. But at work, mistakes can impact your boss, yourco-workers and yourcompany. People might end up staying late 
to fix your work,miss their own deadlines or loseimportant business because of you.
上学时刻，你在考试、论文里犯的错和不及时上交作业只会影响到你一自个。可是作业后，你犯的错会影响到你的老板、火伴和公司。我们可以会需要熬夜来修补你的作业的缝隙，成果错失了期限或许是重要事务。
3.Being smart and having potential is no longer enough; what you actuallyachieve is nowwhat matters. In school, teachers often favor the smarteststudents and even cut them slack onthings like being prepared for class or evenon being respectful or working hard. But in theworking world, reputations andcareers are built on actual work; being smart won’t give you apass if you missdeadlines, aren’t prepared for meetings or don’t meet your goals.
只是聪明、赋有潜力还不可;你的实践作业才是如今最要害的。学校里，教师老是喜爱那些最聪明的学生，甚至在课前预备、品质和作业情绪方面临他们放松需求。可是在作业中，名誉和作业要根据实践的作业。聪明的特征不会在你错失截止日期，或是没有对会议进行充分预备，或没有达到方针时给你特赦。
4.You have to book time off around holidays. It’s not like school, whereyou automaticallyget a week or more off around Christmas and New Year’s. Andmany offices are open the day afterThanksgiving; it’s not a holiday, despitewhat school schedules might have led you to expect. Andspeaking of longervacations …
你要在假期前后请假。不像在学校，在圣诞节和新年的时分，你会有一周以上的假期。许多公司在感恩节后还持续运营。感恩节并不是假期，尽管学校的日程组织可以让你觉得它是个假期。其他的长假也是类似的...
5.Two weeks is the most time you can take off at once in many workplaces.Those daysof lengthy vacations may be a thing of the past. In many workplaces,two weeks is the uppermostlimit of how much time you can take off at once. Infact, two weeks might be the full amount ofvacation time you’re allotted peryear, and if you use it all up at once, you won’t be able to takeany time offthe rest of the year. (But this does vary by workplace; some offer double oreventriple that, particularly as you move into more senior roles.)
两周是许多作业场合答应的最长休假时刻。曩昔悠长假期的日子现已一去不复返了。许多当地，2周是一次性请假答应的最长时刻。实际上，你可以把2周的时刻分配在1年之中。假定你一次性把假都请完的话，1年里剩下的时刻里就没有任何假期了。(不过各个公司情况有所不一样。有些公司的假期长度是这的两倍甚至是3倍，特别是当你升入更高的职位之后。)
6.Unlike in school, great performance on the job isn’t just about waitingforassignments and doing them. While in school it was often enough to simply doyourassignments, at work you should be identifying ways to drive yourdepartment’s work forward andtaking initiative to do things better. If you sitaround and wait for someone to tell you what to do,you might not get much done.That said, you also need to know the parameters of where you cantake initiativeand where you can’t, which isn’t always spelled out explicitly (and thereforecanreally confuse new workers).
不像在学校里，作业体现杰出不能只是等候分配使命然后结束它们。在学校，只结束你的使命就够了，可是在作业场合中，你有必要晓得理解让你的部分的作业向前推进的办法，而且主动完善。假定你坐着等着别人告诉干啥，你可以不会有很大的作用。另外，你要晓得何时主动的标准。这个规模不必定会明说。(因而新职工可以会很利诱)。
7.You need to look politely interested in meetings, no matter how boringthe topic.Yes, you might see senior folks checking their phones or looking bored– but they’ve usuallyearned the right to do that. As a junior employee, noddingoff or being obviously distracted willreflect far worse on you than it does onsenior colleagues; you’re expected to look attentive, nomatter how sleepy themeeting might make you.
出于礼貌，不管论题有多无聊，你都要体现出对会议感快乐喜爱的姿势。你可以会看到资深的火伴在查看手机，看上去一副很无聊的姿势—可是他们一般现已为自个赢取满足的权力这样做。作为初级雇员，打打盹或是显着分神的行为在你身上呈现比在那些高档职工身上呈现要糟得多。不管会议是不是让你昏昏欲睡，你都看上去要很专心。
8.Your attitude really matters. You might do good work, but if you appearunfriendly, rude,disinterested in others or defensive, you’ll find it hard toadvance –and could even end up losingyour job. Being polite and cheerful isn’toptional if you want to thrive in most workplaces.
情绪抉择胜败。你可以作业结束得极好，可是你看起来很不友善、粗鲁、对别人无视置之、戒心很强，这样你很可贵到前进，甚至可以最终丢掉作业。在大有些作业场所中，假定你想要成功，必需要做到礼貌、开畅。
9.A lunch “hour” is often 30 minutes. Forget what you’ve seen on TV or readabout in books;in many workplaces, 30 minutes is the maximum you can take forlunch, and people often don’teven do that and instead grab something and eat iton the go.
午饭时刻一般是30分钟。忘掉你在电视上或是书上看到过的场景，在大有些作业场所中，30分钟是可以用来午饭的最长时刻。我们一般只是随意买些东西，仓促忙忙地处置掉。
10.Your boss wants you to get to the point. In school, you might havelearned to delvedeeply into every aspect of an issue, but most managers want tohear the upshot first and thendecide whether to ask for more background. This istrue in face-to-face conversations, but it’sespecially true in writing; fewmanagers have the time or inclination to read multiple-page memosor lengthyemails. Short summaries with bullet points are generally preferred.
捉住要点。在学校，你可以学会了深层根究一个议题的各个方面。可是大大都打点人员首要想要听到成果，然后再抉择要不要问询更多布景信息。这适用于面临面的攀谈，一起也特别适用于笔头文件。没有人有时刻、有心境读上好几页的条子或是冗长的邮件。简略的总结加上几个要点更为适合。
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