- A+
act as sb./ sth. 充任某角色，担任某工作
I don’t understand English, so you have to act as my interpreter(翻译)。
其他用法：act for 代表某人，代理某人的职位
During her illness, her lawyer has been acting for her in her business.
在她生病期间，她的律师一直代理她的业务。
词语拓展：action n. 行为，行动； take action 采取行动
actor n.. 演员
actress n.. 女演员
active adj. 活跃的，积极的，主动的，起作用的；
actively adv. 活跃地，积极地；
activety n. 活动性, 活力；活动（activities 复数）
accept v. 接受；赞同；欢迎；听从
近义词辨析：accept 和receive
accept 是“接受、认可“的意思，是收到并接受；receive 有”收到“的意思，但不一定接受。
e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn’t accept any.
生日那天我收到许多礼物，但是我并没有收下任何礼物。
achieve vt. 获得 achieve a balance between…and… 在…和…之间获得平衡
add v. (1)加，增加，添加
add sth. to sth. 往...里添加...eg. If the tea is too strong, add some water to it.
eg. He added his signature to the petition(请愿书)。
add A and B (together) 加eg. If you add 5 and 5, you get 10.
add to sth. 增加某事物eg. The bad weather only add to our difficulties.
这种坏天气更增加了我们的困难。
(2) 补充；继续说 eg. “I’ll come here later.’’ he added.
add in 包括...在内eg. Don’t forget add me in. 别忘了把我算上。
add up 合计，加起来
add up to 总计达到
add fuel to the fire 火上浇油
词语拓展：addition n. 加法；增加的人或事物
in addition 加上, 又, 另外，单独使用放在句首，逗号隔开
eg: In addition，
there are six students. 除此之外，还有六名学生。
in addition to 除...外还
eg: In addition to high salaries, you will enjoy a paid holiday every year.
besides 表示“除 … 以外，（还，也）”，相当于 in addition to.
eg.Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry
except 表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，常与all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。
eg.He answered all the questions except the last one. 除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。
except for 也表示“除 … 以外”，但是和 except 不同的是: 与 except 连用的整体词和 except 所跟的词常常是同类的，是指整体除去一部份; 而与 except for 连用的整体词与 except for 所跟的词往往不是同类的，是指整体中除去 一个细节。例如:
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误以外， 你的作文写得很好。
Except for an old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一个老太太以外， 这辆公共汽车是空的。
apart from 表示“除 …之外”。根据上、下文的不同，它既可用作 besides, 也可用作 except 和 except for。
Apart from them, 
I had no one to talk to. （= except）
除了他们以外， 我没有人说话。
Apart from other considerations, time is also a factor. (=besides）
除了别的考虑之外，时间也是一个因素。
(It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults. (= except for）
除了几个小毛病以外，这是一篇佳作。
aitional adj. 附加的，额外的，添加的
advicen. 建义，劝告；信息
a piece of advice一条建议
ask for advice 寻求建议
givesb some advice =give some advice to sb 给某人提建议
take/follow one’s advice接受、遵照某人的建议
advise v. 给…出主意；建议；通知
advice sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
suggestion n. (C) 建议
offer sb. some suggestionsCan you offer me some suggestions?
affect v. 影响；感动 eg Cold weather affected the crops.
词语拓展：effect n. 影响，作用；效果
come/go into effect 实施，生效
in effect 实际上
take effect 生效，起作用
have a good/badeffect on sb.对某人有好的/坏的影响
effective adj 有效的，生效的
affection n 喜爱，爱慕之情
affordv. 负担得起（...的费用，损失，后果），买得起；抽得出时间
（常与can, could, be able to 连用）
afford sth.
eg. I’d love to go on holiday but I can’t afford the time.
eg. They walked because the can’t afford a taxi.
afford to do sth.
eg. They walked because they can’t afford to take a taxi.
eg. I have to work hard because I can’t afford to loose my job.
afford sb sth提供，给与
The tnsaction afforded him a good profit.这笔交易使他赚了一大笔
afford st 抽出多少时间
I can't afford an hour for lunch. 我抽不出一小时吃午饭。
afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕
. be afraid of 害怕 e.g. Don’t be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。
be afraid for 担心 e.g. I’m afraid for my sister. 我担心我的妹妹。
be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing害怕（做）某事 eg I’m afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。
I’m afraid of going out alone at night.
be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 eg Don’t be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。
I’m afraid so. /I’m afraid not. 我恐怕是这样/不是这样
I’m afraid that…我恐怕。。。。。。。. eg I have a lot of homework to do. I’m afraid (that) I can’t go with you.
agreev. 同意，赞同
agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
eg. I agree with you.
agree on + 表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词
eg. We agreed on the plan.
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
eg. We agreed to start early.
agree that + 宾语从句
eg. She agreed that I was right.
其他用法：agree with sb. (尤用于否定或疑问句) （对某人的健康或胃口）适合
eg. like mushrooms but unfortunately they don’t agree with me.
我喜欢吃蘑菇，可惜吃了以后难受。
eg.The humid climate in the south didn’t agree with him.
他不适应南方潮湿的气候。
词语拓展：agreement n. 协定，协议
agreeable adj. 欣然同意的
disagree v. 不同意，有分歧
answer n. & v.回答;解决方案;反应
the answer to
answer a question 回答问题
solve the problem 解决问题
replyn./v. 答复，回答
reply to a question/letterMy penfriend in the USA hasn’t replied to my last three e-mails.
aimv. 瞄准，对准 aim at 瞄准，针对（直接的目的）
eg.I aimed at the door but hit the window.
eg. My remarks were not aim at you. 我的话不是针对你。
aim at the target 瞄准目标/ 靶子 ； aim at a success 志在成功
be aimed at 目的是，旨在,为了；较为委婉
eg.Our marketing campaign should be aimed at young working couples。
我们的行销活动应该针对年轻的上班夫妇.
aimed for 瞄准；以…为目标(长久以来的目标)
eg.Your whole parenting has aimed for this moment.你这个教育目标就是这一刻
allowv. 允许，准许
allow doing sth.允许某人做某事 eg. We don’t allow smoking in our house. 在我们家不允许抽烟。
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 eg. They allow her to go to the party. 他们允许她去参加晚会。
allow sb not to do sth不允许某人做某事
注意被动：sb. be allowed to do sth.
allow sb. in/ out/ up允许某人进来/ 出去/ 起来
allow for 考虑到，把……考虑进来，体谅eg.We must allow for his youth. 我们必须体谅他的年轻.
(sth ) allow of 容许 eg. The situation allows of no dely. 情况不容拖延。
词语拓展：allowance n. 津贴, 补助, 零用钱
permit v. 允许，较为强硬 n. 许可证
permit sb.to do sth.
permit doing sth.
permission n. 允许
annoyv. 使恼怒，使生气
annoy sb. 使某人生气，使某人心烦eg. I was annoyed by his remarks. 他的言论激怒了我。
appearv. 出现；露面；（公开）演出
appear to do 好象是
It appears that + 从句
eg. It appears to me that you are all wrong. 我觉得你们全都错了。
appearancen. 出现，相貌 She made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。
disappearv 消失
appreciatev. 感激
appreciate sth.
appreciate doing sth.
arguev. 争论，争吵
argue with sb. about/ over/ on sth. 与某人争论某事
eg. We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.
其他用法：argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/ 不做某事
eg. They argue his into giving up his plan.
arrivev. 到达
arrive in + 大地方eg. We arrived in Paris.
arrive at + 小地方eg. We arrived at the station/ my nation town.
其他用法：arrive at sth. 达成或得出某事物
arrived at an agreement(达成协议)/ a conclusion(得出结论)
eg What dicision did you arrived at? 你们做出了什么决定？
arrive at/in到达某地
get to某地
reach a place /数字 到达某地/数量
arrivaln. 到达
time of arrival 到达的时间
askv. 询问，问
ask sth.eg. May I ask questions?
ask sb. sth.eg. He asked me the way to the supermarket.
He asked me their names.
He asked me where he should go.
ask sb. about sth.eg. He asked me about my health.
ask sb.to do sth.eg. He ask me to stop smoking.
He ask me not to swim here.
ask for sth. (to do sth.)请求 eg. She asked for more time (to think it over). 她请求多一点时间（仔细考虑）。
ask for sb. 找（某人）Did anyone ask for me last week?
ask sb for help=turn to sb 向某人求助
ask sb for some advice 向某人征求意见
ask sb for sth 向某人索要
其他用法：ask the way 问路； ask for trouble 自找麻烦，自讨苦吃
attemptv. 企图，试图
试图做某事 attempt to do sth.
attempt doing sth
attention n. 注意，专心
pay attention to 注意You should pay attention to your spoken English.你应该注意你的口语。
asleepadj. 睡着的
fall asleep 入睡He was too tired, so he fell fast asleep.他太累了，很快就入睡了。
sleep vi./n. 睡觉
go to sleepAfter breakfast, I want to go to sleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉
get enough sleepI don’t get enough sleep. I feel sleepy in class.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。
sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的
feel sleepy 感到困倦
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