2022年6月份大学英语四级阅读练习 金融大鳄乔治·索罗

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2022年6月份大学英语四级阅读练习：金融大鳄乔治·索罗

George Soros The Financial Crocodile

The speculator, George Soros, whose assault on sterling1 ejected Britainfrom the European exchange rate mechanism that September of 10 years ago has amission — to use his estimated ￡5 billion fortune and his fame to help tacklewhat he sees as the failures of globalisation. The idea that

a man who madebillions betting on the financial markets sides with the anti-globalisationmovement might strike some as ironic . Soros is clearly genuinely appalled atthe damage wrought on vulnerable economies by the vast sums of money which flowacross national borders every day.

“The US governs the international system to protect its own economy. It isnot in charge of protecting other economies, ”he says.“ So when America goesinto recession, you have antirecessionary policies. When other countries are inrecession, they don't have the ability to engage in antirecessionary policiesbecause they can't have a permissive monetary policy, because money would flee .”In person , he has the air of a philosophy professor rather than a gimlet-eyedfinancier. In a soft voice which bears the traces of his native Hungary, heargues that it is time to rewrite the so-called Washington consensus — thecocktail of liberalisation, privatisation and fiscal rectitude which the IMF2has been preaching for 15 years. Developing countries no longer have the freedomto run their own economies, he argues, even when they follow perfectly soundpolicies. He cites Brazil, which although it has a floating currency andmanageable public debt was paying ten times over the odds to borrow from capitalmarkets.

Soros, who at one stage after the fall of the Berlin Wall3 was providingmore assistance to Russia than the US government, believes in practising what hepreaches. His Open Society Institute has been pivotal in helping easternEuropean countries develop democratic societies and market economies. Soros hasthe advantage of an insider's knowledge of the workings of global capitalism, sohis criticism is particularly pointed. Last year, the Soros foundation's networkspent nearly half a billion dollars on projects in education, public health andpromoting democracy, making it one of the world's largest private donors.

Soros credits the anti-globalisation movement for having made companiesmore sensitive to their wider responsibilities.“ I think [ the protesters] havemade an important con tribution by making people aware of the flaws of thesystem, ”he says. “ People on the street had an impact on public opinion andcorporations which sell to the public responded to that. ”Because the IMF hasabandoned billion dollar bailouts for troubled economies, he thinks a repeat ofthe Asian crisis is unlikely. The fund's new“ tough love ”policy — for whichArgentina is the guinea pig — has other consequences. The bailouts were awelfare system for Wall Street, with western taxpayers rescuing the banks fromthe consequences of unwise lending to emerging

economies. Now the IMF has drawna line in the sand, credit to poor countries is drying up. “ It has created anew problem — the inadequacy of the flow of capital from centre to theperiphery, ”he says.

The one economy Soros is not losing any sleep about is the U. S.“ I am muchmore positive about the underlying economy than I am about the market, becausewe are waging war not only terrorism but also on recession, ”he says.“Althoughwe don't admit it, we are actually applying Keynesian4 remedies, and I am aconfirmed Keynesian. I have not yet seen an economy in recession when you aregearing up for war. ”He worries that the world's largest economic power is notliving up to its responsibilities. “ I would like the United States to live upto the responsibilities of its hegemonic power because it is not going to giveup its hegemonic power, ”he

says.“The only thing that is realistic is for theUnited States to become aware that it is in its enlightened self-interest toensure that the rest of the world benefits from their role . ”

练习题：

Ⅰ. Plea se pick out sente nces from th e p assa ge e xp ress in g thefollowing mea nings:

1. 就算发展中国家实行很完善的机制, 它们的经济也有可能被国际游资打击。

2. 索罗斯在冷战结束后向俄罗斯提供的资助比美国政府给的要多。

3. 索罗斯是国际资本运作的行家里手, 所以他的观点总是切中要害。

4. 只要打仗, 国民经济就会景气。

Ⅱ. Question :

Where is Soros'motherland?