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新浪教育[微博]讯:2014年12月20日上午英语四级考试已经结束,本次考试为多题多卷,新浪教育第一时间收集整理不同版本试题,供考生参考,以下是长沙新东方提供的2014年12月英语真题及点评:
本文选自周思成的博客,查看原文点击此处
四级翻译(长沙新东方冀希)
越来越多的年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣,这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加,可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了,年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了,他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。最近的调查显示,很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。
It is a new trend in recent years that interest in travelof youths has increasingly arisen. The growing number of youngertourists is due to the fast improvement of their income and thecuriosity to explore the external world. With their more and morejourneys , time is spent less in big cities or famous attractionsand more in remote areas. Some even choose to go backpacking.According to a recent survey, many young people would like toexperience different cultures, to enrich their knowledge and towiden their vision through travel。
假日经济的现象表明:中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据,中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时,中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应作相应调整,来适应社会的发展。另一方面,服务质量要改善,以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。
The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that theconsumption concept of Chinese is experiencing huge changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers aretransferring from basic necessities to relaxation, comfort andpersonal development. Meanwhile, Chines people’s views ofconsumption are becoming maturity during the vigorous developmentof holiday economy. Therefore, corresponding adjustment of thestructure of products should be made to adapt to socialdevelopment. On the other hand, services should be improved tosatisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life。
中国的互联网是全世界发展最快的。2010年,中国大概有4.2亿网民,而且人数还在迅速的增长,互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化,中国的网民往往不同于国外的网民,美国的网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使,用互联网为工具发电子邮件,买卖商品,科学研究,规划旅程或者付款,中国网民更多都是出于社交的原因使用互联网,因而更广泛的使用论坛、博客、聊天室等。
All over the world, the Internet develops the most rapidly
inChina. In 2010, there are roughly 420 million people surfing theInternet in China and the numer is increasing rapidly. The growingpopularity of the Internet leads to great social changes. Chinesenetizens are usually different from those in foreign countries.Netizens in America, driven by their actual needs, consider theInternet a tool to send e-mails, to buy or sellgoods, to do scientific research, to plan their trips or to make apayment. By contrast, forums, blogs or chat rooms are more widelyused in China in that Chines citizens generally surf the Interneton the purpose of social contact。
大熊猫是一种温顺的动物,长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量极少,大熊猫已经被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世界自然基金会(WWF)有着特殊意义。自1961年该基金会成立以来,大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员,主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。目前大约有1000只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。因此,确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。
Pandas, with special black and white fur, are mild animals.
Theywere listed as endangered species due to their little amount. Thepanda has an unusual meaning to WWF because the picture of a pandahas always been the logo of the foundation since it established in1961. Being the rarest member in bear family, the panda live mostlyin the forest in southwestern China. At present, there are roughly1000 pandas. These animals, which feed on bamboo, are facing plentyof threats. As a result, it it more crucial than ever to ensure theexistence of pandas。
四级阅读(长沙新东方 罗文婷 任伟伟)
Passage 1 (长沙新东方 罗文婷)
New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedalingpassengers on those blazing blue Citi Bikes. But what about localbike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up riders at their expense? AtGotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as “Ben W。”said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales
due to thebike-share program. “It’s getting more people on the road, morepeople learning about the sport and getting involved,” he said. Anemployee at Danny’s Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a goodoption for people to ease into biking in a city famed for itsvehicular congestion and aggressive drivers. “They can try out abike without committing to buying one,” James Ryan said。
Rentals are not a big part of the business at eitherGotham Bikes or Danny’s Cycles. But for Frank’s Bike Shop, a smallbusiness that has been at its current Lower East Side location onGrand St. since 1976, the bike-share program has been bad news.Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by90 percent since the Citi Bikes were rolled out lastmonth。
However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales athis shop. “People have
used the bike-share and realized how greatit is to bike in the city, then decide that they want somethingnicer for themselves,” he noted。
Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St.just north of Christopher St., said initially he was concernedabout bike-share, though, he admitted, “I was happy to see peopleon bikes。”
Farrell’s early concerns were echoed by Andrew Crooks,owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. “It seemed like a great idea,but one that would be difficult to implement,” Crooks said of CitiBike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders’ lack ofawareness of biking rules and backlash from non-cyclists. However,he said, it’s still too early to tell if his business has beenimpacted。
While it’s possible bike-share will cause a drop inbusiness in the long run, Crooks allowed that the idea, as a whole,is good for the city。
56题 B
题干意思是:对于在纽约逐渐提升的Citi Bikes的使用,作者最为关心的是什么。定位词为CitiBikes,因为是第一题,按顺序原则先定位到第一段第一句。第一句陈述了在纽约CitiBikes的使用渐渐被人们所习惯,是原文的同义改写。按照金三句原则,看定位句的下一句But what about local bikeshops? Is Citi Bike rolling up riders at their expense?作者立马关心起local bike shops,而且问到了CitiBikes是否收费的问题,答案选B
57题 C
定位词为大写人名Gotham,题干意思是:自行车共享计划后Gotham的车行发生了什么。题干当中的as aresult of表示因果关系,我们要找到自行车共享计划对gotham的商店带来的一个结果。定位在第一段的第三行, GothamBikes的一个manager说道 “the shop has seen an increase in its overallsales due to the bike-share program。” 定位句中的due to(因为)是原文as a resultof的取反改写,我们要找的是结果,看到dueto前面的部分——商店已经看到在他们的整体销量的一个提升。答案选C选项。
58题 B
题干意思是:为什么自行车共享计划对于Frank’s BikeShop来说是坏消息的?要找到一个原因。定位词是大写名词Frank’s BikeShop,定位到原文第二段第三行。定位句本身只是陈述事实,看定位词的下一句找原因。F店的店主说道since the CitiBikes were rolled out last month。因为自行车共享计划的推行,his rental businesshas decreased by 90 percent,他的rentalbusiness租借生意下降了百分之九十。答案选B,顾客都被Citi Bikes拉走了,就没人来租自行车了。
59题 A
题干意思是:为什么Andrew Crooks认为自行车共享计划难以执行?定位到文章第五段。第三句:He saidhe worried about inexperienced riders’ lack of awareness of bikingrules and backlash from non-cyclists。他担心经验不足的骑行者缺乏对骑行规则的意识以及来自非骑行者的反对。他的担心有两点,在答案中找到任何一点就可以,答案选A。经验不足的骑行者会破坏骑行规则。
60题 D
题干意思是:本地自行车行对自行车共享计划的普遍态度是怎样的?最后一题,定位在最后一段。尽管bike-share可能会导致行业内长期的低迷状态,但是asa whole总体来讲,对应到题干中的general,对整个城市是好的。选正态度的的答案,D。
选词填空1:(长沙新东方 任伟伟)
曾经在课上说过单词填空有三个做题步骤,分别是选项的词性辨析,原文缺失成分的词性猜测以及词性相符的选项逐一代入,所以我们可以发现,单词的意思并不是解决这道题目的关键,相反的,对于词性的了解更加重要。
A. analyses 动词的第三人称单数形式 分析
B. average 形容词/名词/动词(形容词的用法最为常见)平均的;平均数;均分
C. belong 不及物动词(常与介词to搭配使用) 属于
D. demonstrated 动词的过去分词(可能作为形容词)证明,表露
E. excess 名词(不可数)/形容词 过度;过度的
F. extending 动词的现在分词(可能作为形容词和名词) 扩展;延伸
G. habitually 副词 习惯性地
H. necessarily 副词 必然地
I. products 名词的复数形式 产品
J. ranging 动词的现在分词(可能作为形容词和名词)排列;(在范围内)变动
K. released 动词的过去分词(可能作为形容词) 释放;发布
L. shocked 动词的过去分词(可能作为形容词) 震惊
M. simple 形容词 简单的
N. survey 名词的单数形式 调查
O. traces 名词的复试形式/动词的第三人称单数形式 痕迹;追踪
36. N空前是不定冠词a,空后是介词of,本空缺可数名词的单数形式,排除复数名词选项I和O以及现在分词做名词的选项F和J;而且因为是不定冠词a,所以这一空所缺的名词一定不是元音开头的单词,排除E选项。答案锁定N选项。
37.O空前是介词for,空后是介词of,本空需要填的是名词,以及空前没有冠词a或the,那这一空只能填不可数名词或者名词的复数形式,词性符合的有E,F, I, O,结合语意锁定O答案,这个项目检测人们的血液和尿液是为了追踪化学制品。
38. I 本空所在分句 “three…and showercurtains”作为伴随性的状语,可以理解成“三种有潜在危险的化合物在常见的家庭产品中被发现,比如面霜,马口铁罐头和浴帘。”
39. K 本空所在分句“_____in November in a report called ‘Is it in us?’by an environmental group”作为插入语修饰主语the results,已知部分的意思可以理解为“11月,在由一个环保组织所做的名为‘是我们吗?’的报告中…的结果相当令人担忧”,也就是这个结果是被一群人给…的,可想而知这一空填的应该是一个过去分词做theresults的后置定语,备选选项中符合要求的只有D,K和L,首先排除L选项shocked,因为结果不可能被一群人震惊。在D和K的取舍上,其实不管是某种结果“被证实”,还是“被发布”都说得通,但因为D在后文中的一个选项更适合,所以本题选择K。
40. J 本空所在分句 “_____from … to a…”前后各有一个逗号,说明这部分作为插入语修饰主语everyoneof the participants, 因此本空需要动词的现在分词或过去分词形式,在备选选项中range from… to…是固定搭配,表示“从…到…”,选择J答案。
41. M空前是定冠词the,空后是名词presence(存在),本空应该填形容词。已知部分可以翻译成“尽管…的这些化学制品的存在不能…表示有健康的风险”,备选选项B,D, E, F, L, M中,B,F和L因为语意出入太大首先排除。E选项的excess做形容词表示“过多的”,但文章的前一句话只是提到“每一个参与者都被检测出对这三种污染物是呈阳性的”,这并不能说明化学制品是过度存在,排除E。另外,根据这句话的意思我们可以发现这种化学制品的存在是很普遍的,因为M选项的simple最能够表达这一层含义。
42. H 空前是助动词的否定形式do not,空后是动词indicate,本空只能填修饰动词的副词,备选选项中只有G和H是动词,结合这句话的意思“尽管被证实的这些化学制品的存在并不…表示有健康的风险”,显然necessarily更符合句子的意思,选择H。
43. L 前半句话中的while在这里表示“尽管”,引导一个让步状语从句,因此主句的 “thefact….participants”应该是一个完整的句子。同时主句中主语是thefact并且引导了一个同位语从句,主句的大致意思可以理解为“典型的美国人都携带这些化学制品的事实…了June和其他的参与者”。由此可知本句缺少主句的谓语,这一空需要动词。但是本空所需动词的时态是一个需要斟酌的细节,首先,假设这一空需要的是一般现在时,既然主语是thefact那么动词就一定得是第三人称单数形式,而选项中只有A和O符合这一要求,但再结合词意会发现,一个表示分析一个表示追踪,都说不通,因此这一空只能填动词的过去式,但这一时态的要求在已知句子里是看不出来的,所以很容易引起同学们的纠结。可选的动词过去式就只剩下L选项shocked,因此本题选择L。
44. C空前是don’t,空后是副词there,因此本空需要动词原形,备选答案只有belong,结合句意翻译成“很明显,我们的身体里存在着一些不属于那的化学制品”,完全正确,选择C答案。
45. B 空前是不定冠词an,空后是介词of,本空缺可数名词的单数形式,且为元音开头,锁定B答案。