- A+
点击↑↑↑哈童上海升学↑↑↑关注
10万上海家长共同订阅的公众号
每天阅读上海地区丨入园丨幼升小丨小升初丨择校丨教育丨户口丨政策丨资料
牛津英语词典近日又收录了一波新词，2016年度英国最重大政治事件“英国脱欧”（Brexit）毫无悬念地位列其中。此外，来自社交媒体的新词“油管人”，和抢了婴儿潮一代风头的“时尚奶奶”，以及一些技术用语也被收录其中。
《牛津英语词典》是什么
《牛津英语词典》被称为英语世界的金科玉律，已有150年历史，目前收录有80度万个词条，会在每年的3月，6月，9月，12月修订更新一次词条，修订包括对原有的一些旧词条进行修改替换，也包括增加一些新词汇，通常会公布一些时髦的英语新词。牛津英语词典编写的全面性和详细性，与其说这是一部英文词典，还不如说是一部英语史巨著。
有哪些新鲜词汇增加
脱欧（Brexit）作为本年度英国热点事件，被加入到了新词之中，可能大家还不轻出这个词的由来，词当然不是平白无故造出来的，它来源于British exit or Britain exiting from the EU，是对英国退出欧盟的一种戏谑说法。Brexit一词也许只有在特里莎·梅眼里是“脱欧”的意思，对于许多人来说，该词的定义仍然模糊不清。
《牛津英语词典》帮助大家释义解惑，编辑们没有从脱欧产生的后果或最终的实现来下定义，而是对Brexit的过程进行定义，避开了该词背后的政治纷乱。
其定义如下：Brexit是指英国退出欧盟的行动（或计划），及其相关的政治进程。该词有时特指2016年6月23日的英国公投，当时大部分投票者都支持英国退出欧盟。
词典高级编辑菲奥纳?麦克弗森称：“许多词语由新词快速上升为一种定义，并被列入词典，而Brexit就是其中速度最快的之一”。
她补充说，这个词语“填补了我们语言中的一个空缺，恰当表述了它背后日益重要的政治现象。”
她还补充说：“Brexit几年前还是一个新词，而现在频繁地在各大外刊头版上使用，这表明它已经是全球通用，绝不仅限于本国。”
本月同样被收录的还有希腊退出欧盟，Grexit是指希腊退出欧盟的假设。预计其他欧洲国家脱欧公投意图的词也将被收纳，如Nexit（芬兰脱欧）、Frexit（法国脱欧）、Oexit（奥地利脱欧）。
此外，YouTubers（油管人）首次被纳入词典，指频繁使用视频分享网站YouTube（油管）的用户，特别是自己制作视频并且出镜的人们。
如今，任何在网络上挺身而出打抱不平的人都可以堂堂正正地自称为upstander（挺身而出者）—指通过言语或行动来支持某项事业的人，尤指敢于站出来，代表遭受攻击和欺凌的人的利益，为其打抱不平。
另一些新收录的词或短语来自于流行音乐，最出名的是“get your freak on”。它的定义为：美国俚语（主要用在非裔美国人中）1.参与性活动，尤指挑战传统、放纵不羁的性行为。2.跳舞，尤指无拘无束、动作狂野、热情洋溢的舞蹈。
该短语是梅西埃丽奥特的一首歌名，2001年开始流行了起来。
同样来源于流行音乐的还有Bama，该词的收录得力于歌手碧昂斯，最早是20世纪20年代对美国阿拉巴马州的缩写，而后演化成了一个俚语，指来自美国南部乡下的人。但碧昂斯在今年的最新专辑《Lemonade》里的单曲《Formation》中重新使用了这个词。
歌词中写到“我爸是阿拉巴马人/我妈是路易斯安纳人/ 他们生了我这个带着克里奥尔血统的黑人/ 让我成了住在德克萨斯的阿拉巴马人。”
图为德州巴马碧昂斯
抢了Baby Boomer（婴儿潮时代出生的人）风头的是glam-ma（时尚奶奶）：指风韵犹存的高龄女性，尤指相对年轻、有时尚气息的老奶奶。
麦克弗森说，《牛津英语词典》会根据用法来收录词语。
她称：“一个词语一旦被收入字典，就不会被删除。当它成为常用词或专业词后，我们必须举出与之相关的例子。”
12月最新新增词汇一览
12月的这次更新中，大约有500个新单词、新短语、新义项被加入到了牛津词典中。为了让大家更接近时髦的英文词汇，在学英语的过程中也能紧随国际潮流，小编整理了下面这批12月新增的词汇，看看你知道几个！
New word entries
Bama, n. and adj.
bilat, adj. and n.
bralette, n.
Brexit, n.
brook, n.2
brook, v.2
browsability, n.
browsable, adj.
browzy, adj.
brr-brr, int.
bru, n.
brubru, n.
Brucella, n.
bruchid, n.
bruck, n.
Brucknerian, adj. and n.
Bruegelesque, adj.
Bruegelian, adj.
bruery, n.
bruisingly, adv.
bruisy, adj.
bruiting, n.
bruja, n.
brujería, n.
brujo, n.
brulé, n.
brum, int. and n.2
brumation, n.
bruncheon, n.
bruncher, n.
brunchtime, n.
brunchy, n. and adj.
Bruneian, n. and adj.
Brunello di Montalcino, n.
brunello, n.
Brunfelsia, n.
Brunnera, n.
brunoise, n.
brusar, n.
close out, n.
cross-step, n.
cross-step, v.
cross-stepping, n.
da kine, n.
defamatorily, adv.
defang, v.
defanged, adj.
defatigate, adj.
defaunate, v.
defaunated, adj.
defaunation, n.
Defcon, n.
defeasance, v.
defease, n.
defeather, v.
defeathered, adj.
defeathering, n.
defecatory, adj.
defectability, n.
defecting, adj.
defederalization, n.
defederalize, v.
defencing | defensing, adj.
defensin, n.
defensor civitatis, n.
downed, adj.1
ekphrastic, adj.
exampling, n.
exemplificatory, adj.
exemplifying, adj.
exemplifying, n.
exemplum virtutis, n.
findability, n.
finderscope, n.
finger cot, n.
finger jam, n.
finger point, n.
finger pointer, n.
finger-point, v.
finger-pointing, adj.
finger-stool, n.
fingertip, v.
frontside, n., adj., and adv.
fulcrum, v.
Fulfulde, n. and adj.
fulghter, n.
fulgurating, n.
full load, n. and adj.
full spread, n. and adj.2
fulled, adj.1
fulleride, n.
fullerite, n.
full-fat, adj.
full-metal-jacket, adj. and n.
full-metal-jacketed, adj.
full-scale, adj.
full-service, adj. and n.
fulvic, adj.
glam-ma, n.
go bag, n.
goaler, n.
goalside, n., adv., and adj.
gob, v.3
gobbin, n.1
gobby, adj.
gobful, n.
goblet, n.3
gobo, n.1
gobsmacking, adj.
gochujang, n.
Grexit, n.
grom, n.
gub, v.
haakdoring, n.
hack boat, n.2
hack job, n.
hack, n.7
hackability, n.
hackable, 
adj.
hackathon, n.
hackboat, n.1
hackbrett, n.
hackbut of crochet, n.
hackdom, n.
hackery, n.2
hackfest, n.
hackish, adj.1
hackish, adj.2
hackit, adj.
hackleback, n.
hackled, adj.1
hackney cab, n.
hacksaw, v.
hacksilver, n.
heaty, adj.
hookthorn, n.
Livian, adj.
livity, n.
livor mortis, n.
livre d’artiste, n.
lixival, adj.
macking, adj.
mini-mal, n.
O-line, n.
out-strategize, v.
paddleboarding, n.
rag-doll, v.
sack-back, n. and adj.
sefte, adj.
sensi, n.
sensibilization, n.
serve and volley, adj. and n.
shaka, int. and n.
sinfull, n.
soft corn, n.1
soft kill, n.
soft launch, v.
soft release, n.
softballer, n.
softphone, n.
softscape, n.
softscaping, n.
stratifying, adj.
Stratocaster, n.
stratum corneum, n.
stratum super stratum, adv. and n.
telecentre | telecenter, n.
telecoil, n.
teleconference, v.
telecopter, n.
telefax, v.
teleiotic, adj.
telemarking, n.
teleoperate, v.
telephone card, n.
teleporter, n.
Telescopium, n.
telestrator, n.
televiser, n.
televisibility, n.
tombstone, v.
tombstoning, adj.
tombstoning, n.
touch dance, n.
touch-proof, adj.
truck, n.3
verklempt, adj.
window band, n.2
wobbleboard, n.
YouTuber, n.
New sub-entries
at full belt
barrel roll
beach cruiser
board rider
board shaper
bridal shower
browse line
browser-based
browsing history
Brunonianism
Bruges Group
bruise-coloured
bruisewater
Brummagemized
Brunswick-black
command central
competitive examinationist
critical period
dawn patrol
defeasibly
defeatedly
defect-free
defence attorney
defence counsel
defence department
defence lawyer
defence secretary
defence-splitting
defence-splitting 
pass
defensive back
defensive coordinator
defensive driving
defensive end
defensive lineman
defensive tackle
dick pic
direct examination
drop goal
drop-kicker
duck dive
duck-dive
duck-diving
Birminghamizing
bruisedness
gobsmackingly
hackerdom
telemarker
televisional
window-like
full-heartedness
telegenically
telekinetically
teleonomically
touchy-feeliness
Eskimo roll
exam board
exam conditions
exam question
exam result
examination board
examination result
examining board
examining room
examining table
example sentence
finder’s fee
finding aid
finding dog
finger cherry
finger chip
finger lime
finger neb
finger prick
finger puppet
finger sandwich
finger tap
finger weaving
finger-beam
finger-click
finger-comb
finger-combed
finger-fuck
fingermeal
finger-pop
fingerprint recognition
fingerprint region
fingerspell
fingerspelling
fingertip save
finger-wag
found money
freak dance
freak dance
fulfillable
full belt
full bleed
full disclosure
full English
full English breakfast
full gainer
full lock
full name
full powers
full professorship
full suit
full-bearded
full-bred
full-colour
full-court
full-centred
full-throatedly
fullended
full-fat milk
full-frame
fulling mallet
full-line
full-motion
full-packed
full-service broker
full-service brokerage
full-spectrum
full-suspension
full-tank
full-text
full-thickness
full-throttle
full-tusked
full-voice
fully-automatic
fully-clothed
fully-equipped
fully-fitted
fully-formed
fully-grown
fully-trained
fulvic acid
glass harmonica
goal celebration
goal chance
goal circle
goal judge
goal setting
goal third
goal-driven
goal-hanger
goal-line technology
goalminder
goal-orientated
goal-poacher
goalscoring
goat herder
goat keeper
goat leaf
goat meat
goat whey
goat’s cheese
goat’s path
goat’s whey
goat’s willow
goat-getter
goatgrass
goaving
gob feeder
Gobelin carpet
goblet drum
goblin shark
hack pack
hackerproof
hackerspace
hacking hammer
hackit-faced
hackle-raising
hack-proof
hairy goat
impact zone
inside break
least finger
living bread
living donation
living donor
living flame
living hell
living history
living history museum
living history re-enactment
living proof
living quarters
living statue
living stone
living treasure
living trust
sense memory
sense of proportion
sense of purpose
sense of reality
sense of self
sense-making
sensible energy
sensible experience
sensible soul
sensitive joint vetch
sensitivity analysis
sensor array
sensory garden
sensory impairment
sensory receptor
sensory world
shortboard revolution
Siberian Express
single-fin
six-yard area
six-yard box
soft belly
soft box
soft cheese
soft coke
soft commission
soft condensed matter
soft dollars
soft error
soft hammer
soft hyphen
soft key
soft lead
soft matter
soft mutation
soft nose
soft pine
soft sign
soft taco
soft target
soft tennis
soft toss
soft wall
soft-shoeing
soft-hued
soft-play
soft-play area
soft-point
soft-ripened
soft-roader
soft-sided
soft-textured
softwood cutting
squaretail
stand-up paddle surfing
Strasbourg Parliament
strass glass
strata peat
strategy document
strategy game
Strathspey dance
Strathspey reel
stratified medicine
stratified random sampling
SUP
SUPing
telearchics
teleaxial
telebusiness
telecardiogram
telecare
teledemocracy
teledensity
tele-education
teleflasher
telegraph company
telegraph operator
telehealth
tele-hood
telejournalism
teleological argument
Teleosaurus
telephone answerer
telephone company
telephone counselling
telephone engineer
telephone equipment
telephone handset
telephone helpline
telephone hotline
telephone interview
telephone link
telephone manner
telephone network
telephone pole
telephone poll
telephone sales
telephone service
telephone switchboard
telephone system
telephone tapper
telephone voice
telepic
telepoint compass
telescope goldfish
telescope mirror
telescope mount
telescopic handler
telescopic lens
teleseismology
telestereograph
telesurgery
television acting
television actor
television actress
television advertisement
television advertising
television age
television broadcaster
television cameraman
television celebrity
television comedian
television comedy
television commentator
television company
television documentary
television executive
television guide
television industry
television journalism
television monitor
television movie
television presenter
television production
television programming
television ratings
television reception
television rights
television schedule
television
television special
television writer
televisuality
telewriting
to be a living proof of
to be a living proof that
to be living proof of
to be living proof of (also that)
to be living proof that
to be the (also a) living proof of (also that)
to be the living proof of
to be the living proof that
to close out
to find out
to hack around
to hack up
to touch in
to touch off
to touch out
touch foul
touch method
touch organ
touch paralysis
touch system
touch therapy
touch typewriting
touchdown pass
touch-dry
touch-in-goal line
touch-tag
touchtone phone
touchtone telephone
tow-in
tow-in surfer
tow-in surfing
tri-fin
try at goal
try line
turtle roll
TV acting
TV actor
TV actress
TV ad
TV advert
TV advertisement
TV advertising
TV age
TV broadcast
TV broadcaster
TV broadcasting
TV cameraman
TV celebrity
TV chef
TV comedian
TV comedy
TV commentator
TV coverage
TV critic
TV documentary
TV drama
TV engineer
TV executive
TV frequency
TV guide
TV industry
TV interview
TV journalism
TV journalist
TV lounge
TV magazine
TV monitor
TV news
TV picture
TV presenter
TV producer
TV production
TV programming
TV pundit
TV ratings
TV reception
TV region
TV reporter
TV rights
TV schedule
TV
TV serial
TV set
TV signal
TV special
TV spot
TV star
TV transmission
TV transmitter
TV van
TV writer
twin-fin
under exam conditions
window casing
window cleaning
window cling
window guard
window lock
window manager
woad ball
woady
wobble-energy
wobbler syndrome
woe-monger
wogball
New senses
balconette, n.
barrel, n.
barrel, v.
blow, n.1
bomb, n.
bootee, n.
bootee, n.
bowl, n.1
break, n.1
break, n.1
carve, v.
catch, v.
corduroy, n. and adj.
cruiser, n.
dart, n.
down, v.2
down, adv.
fin, n.1
floater, n.
freak, n.1
fumble, v.
glass, n.1
glass, v.
golliwog, n.
ground, v.
hairy, adj. and n.
hold-down, n.
inside, n., adj., adv., and prep.
inside, n., adj., adv., and prep.
kicker, n.
lesson, n.
line-up, n.
lip, n.
shape, v.
shaper, n.
snake, v.1
stand-up, adj. and n.
swallow-tail | swallowtail, n.
try, n.
try, n.
turtle, n.2
upstander, n.
walled, adj.1
zombie, n.
欢迎您的留言，期待您的精彩观点！
关注哈童上海升学（ID:hatong-shsx）
择校|升学|教育|政策|资料
回复【A】 查看上海亲子活动、团购及培训班
回复【
地区名
】 查看各区2016年最新招生细则
回复【择校】查看择校注意要点、解析等汇总
回复【流程】查看图说上海最新入学报名流程
回复【入园】查看入园政策、解读、注意事项
回复【幼儿园】查看示范园、择校秘诀、对口
回复【幼升小】查看幼升小政策、解读、资料
回复【小升初】查看小升初政策、解读、资料
回复【学校】查看学校排名、学费及招生简章
回复【资料】查看语文、数学、英语等资料库
回复【杯赛】查看竞赛活动攻略、时间及规则
长按上图，点击识别图中二维码
