- A+
一、定义:表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力,常与表示频率的副词连用,如,always总是,,usually通常,often经常,sometimes有时,never从不,every day每天,at weekends, on Sundays.
二、构成:
1) 谓语动词是be动词: 主语+ be(am is are) +其他。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
be动词巧记口诀:我用am, 你用are,is用在他她它。单数名词用is, 复数名词要用are。
主语+be动词+其他
如:I am a student. He is Jim’s father. They are from Japan.
2) 当谓语是行为动词时,一般现在时的构成:
①主语(非第三人称单数)+ 动词原形 + 其他
如: I often watch TV at the weekends. Mr. Green and Mrs. Green like collecting stamps.
②主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词的第三人称单数形式(V.+s/es)+ 其他
如:Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays.
She sometimes goes to the park with her mother.
3)当谓语动词是情态动词can 时,can 没有人称和数的变化,后面接动词原形。如:
I can play football.我会踢足球。 It can run very fast. 他跑的很快。
They can jump.他们会跳。
三、动词第三人称单数形式(V. + s/es)的变化规则:
①一般情况下,直接加s.如:like-likes, read-reads,visit-visits,play-plays,want-wants,work-works,know-knows,help-helps,get-gets.
②以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾,加es . 如:wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes, do-does, teach-teaches, pass-passes, guess-guesses.
③以辅音字母 + y结尾,变y 为i,再加es.如:study-studies, fly-flies, carry-carries,
worry-worries.
④不规则变化。如:have-has
四、一般现在时的句型转换:
五.测一测
一般过去时
1、定义:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,也可以表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last year, just now(刚才), two days ago, in 1990等。I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11:00睡觉。
2、构成:主语+ 动词的过去式 + 其他
I was ten years old last year
Mary went to school yesterday.
3、动词过去式的变化规则:
①一般动词在原形末尾加ed
如:play–played, listen–listened, look–looked,want-wanted,work-worked,need-needed,clean-cleaned.
②以e结尾的动词,直接加d
如:live–lived, like–liked, taste–tasted, use-used, move-moved.
a.以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同.
例:put→put let→let cut→cut beat→beat
b.以d结尾的词,把d变成t.
例:build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent
c.以n结尾的词,在词后加t.
例:mean→meant burn→burnt learn→learnt
d.以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew.
例:blow→blew draw→drew know→knew grow→grew
e.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t.
例:keep→kept
sleep→slept feel→felt smell→smelt
f .含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a.
例:sing→sang give→gave sit→sat drink→drank
g.一些常见的转换
例:do→did don`t→didn`t is→was are→were
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:
a.在清辅音后读作[t].如:asked helped watched stopped
b在浊辅音和元音后读作[d].如:enjoyed studied moved called
c.在t / d后读作[id].如:wanted needed
4、一般过去时的句型转换
5. 测一测
一般将来时
知识梳理
1、定义:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及打算,计划或准备某事,句中一般含有表示将
2、构成:
①be going to+ 动词原形
如:I am going to see a Beijing opera tomorrow.
We are going to meet at bus stop at half past ten.
Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon.
②will+动词原形
如:They will go swimming this afternoon.
3:be going to 和will 区别:
①be going to表示经过事先安排,打算和决定要做的事情,基本上一定会发生;will则表示有可能去做,但不一定发生,也常表示说话人的临时决定。
②be going to表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情;will表示将来的时间则较远一些。如:He is going to write a letter tomorrow.
I will meet her one day.
③be going to还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事情将要发生,常用于天气等自然现象。如:Look! It's going to rain.
4、一般将来时句型转换:
5. 测一测
现在进行时
知识梳理
1、定义:表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作或存在的状态。句中常有now, look, listen等词。
Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree.
Listen! Jane is singing in the music room.
2、构成: be 动词(am/is/are)+ 动词现在分词(V-ing)
3、动词现在分词构成
①一般情况下,直接在动词后加ing.如:drink-drinking, read-reading, eat-eating, think-thinking, sleep-sleeping, study-studying, speak-speaking, say-saying.
②以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加ing. 如:write-writing, ride-riding, take-taking,wake-waking,make-making,come-coming,leave-leaving,have-having,dance-dancing.
③以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写这个字母,再加ing.如:sit-sitting, swim-swimming, put-putting, run- running, stop-stopping, get-getting, begin-beginning, jog-jogging, forget-forgetting.
④以ie结尾的动词,先把ie变成i,再加ing。如:lie-lying, tie-tying, die-dying
4、现在进行时的句型转换:
5. 测一测
小学的时候这四种时态我们是初步学习,先让小朋友有关于英语时态的概念,这样在中学阶段就相对容易许多。