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Well hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish and I'm so excited that you're here today because I'm gonna share a simple task that you can use to increase your English vocabulary every day. So if that's what you're here for, you're here to expand your vocabulary, to learn new words, then I really encourage you to take the ten to fifteen minutes every day to practise this process that I'm about to teach you in today's lesson.
大家好呀，我是 Emma，欢迎来到美味英语频道，很高兴大家今天来到这里，因为我将分享一个非常简单的任务，你们可以每天使用这个任务来增加词汇量。如果这就是你来这里的目的的话，你来这里是为了扩大你的词汇量，学习新的词汇，那么我鼓励你每天花10到15分钟来练习我在今天的课程中要教大家的这个过程。
It's an incredibly effective method to help you learn, to remember the new words that you learn and to build on the words that you already know. Let's dive straight in and get started!
这是一个非常有效的方法，可以帮助你学习、记忆你所学的新单词，并在你已经知道的单词的基础上继续学习。那就让我们直接开始吧！
Learning and remembering new words can be tricky because your brain is constantly processing new information and it's trying to work out what's essential and what's not. What do I need to keep and what can I get rid of?
学习和记住新单词可能并不简单，因为你的大脑在不断地处理新信息，并试图找出哪些是必要的信息，哪些不是必要信息。我需要保留什么，又需要扔掉什么呢？
Think of your brain as a storeroom, if the information is really important it's going to be on the shelf that is easy to reach. If it's less important or maybe it's not needed as often, it probably goes up on the top shelf at the back, a little to the right.
把你的大脑想象成一个贮藏室，如果信息真的很重要的话，它就会放在容易拿到的架子上。如果它不那么重要，或者也许不那么经常需要用到的话，它可能会放在后面的顶层架子上，稍微靠右一点。
It's there but it's pretty hard to reach. So let's take that analogy to your English conversations.
就在那里，但是很难够到。让我们以此类比你们的英语对话。
So when you're speaking and you get stuck, you can't remember the word, it's because it's not right there on the easy to access shelf. To remember all of these new words that you're learning and to draw on them when you need them, well there's a few little tricks that you can use when you're practising and you're learning these new words.
当你在说话时卡住的时候，你记不住这个词的时候，那是因为它不在容易够得到的架子上。为了记住你正在学习的所有新词，并在需要时可以使用它们，在你练习和学习这些新词时，可以使用一些小技巧。
The first is learning them in association with words that you already know. The second is by introducing different senses to the way that you're learning so not just looking at a word and seeing it but hearing it, touching something, maybe drawing it.
首先是通过和你已经知道的单词建立关联来进行学习。第二种方法是通过将不同的感官引入你的学习当中来进行学习，所以我们不只是看看一个单词而已，而是要去听，要去触摸，可能也可以画一画。
All of these different things help us to remember and make associations with the new words that we're learning. Now in my opinion, the best tool for doing all of this is a vocabulary map.
所有这些不同的方法都能帮助我们记住并联想到我们正在学习的新单词。在我看来，完成这一切的最好工具是词汇图。
You might have heard of a mind map before, maybe even you've used them at school but vocabulary maps are very similar. If you haven't already used them to study and to learn new words then you should definitely keep watching this lesson and try out this technique for yourself.
你可能听说过思维导图，甚至你在学校也用过，词汇图与其非常相似。如果你还没有用它们来学习和掌握新的单词的话，那么你一定要继续看下去，而且要自己尝试一下这种技巧。
I'm going to show you exactly how to start this process and to build on your practice in this lesson. You need to start with a root word.
我将在本课中准确地告诉你如何开始这个过程，并在此基础上进行练习。你需要从一个词根开始。
Now a root word is a word or a word part that is the base of any of your new words. So we create new words by adding prefixes and suffixes to the root word.
词根是一个词或一个词的一部分，是你的其他新词的基础。我们通过向词根添加前缀和后缀来创造新词。
Can you think of any root words yourself that we could start with? How about act?
你自己能想到什么词根吗？我们可以以此开始。Act 如何呢？
So we can create more words by adding to the word act. Actor.
我们可以通过往单词 act 添加元素来创造更多的单词。演员。
Action. Inaction.
行动。惰性。
Activity. Activist.
活动。活动价。
We can kind of keep going like this, right? The really cool thing is that if you look for and you recognise the root word then it's going to help you to start working out the meanings of new words that you haven't seen before when you start associating them with the ones that you do know.
我们可以像这样一直继续下去，对吗？最酷的是，如果你寻找并认出了词根的话，那么当你开始将它们与你知道的那些词联系起来时，它就会帮助你弄清楚以前没有见过的新词的含义。
Now our root word is the best place to start with our word map or our vocabulary map. We just want to put it right in the middle and then we start building from there and then we start adding suffixes and prefixes and creating new words, exploring new words and these are all part of the word family.
所以词根是我们词汇地图的最佳起点。我们可以把它放在正中间，然后以此为基础，可以添加后缀和前缀，创造新词，探索新词，这些单词都是这个词族的一部分。
Let's explore with the verb write, okay? So it's our root word then we can start adding to it with writer and written or writing, our different verb forms.
让我们用 write 这个动词来探讨一下，好吗？所以这就是我们的词根，然后我们可以开始在它上面添加 writer 和 written 或 writing，不同的动词形式。
You just want to start simply, start with the words that you already know and then you can start doing a little research to add new ones or add to them and help your word map to grow. This one's cool.
可以从简单的开始，从你已经知道的词开始，然后可以开始做一点研究，增加新的词汇，帮助你的单词地图不断壮大。很酷哦。
We started doing a little bit of research and we found writer's block. Now if you don't know what writer's block is, that's great!
我们开始做了一点研究，发现了“writer's block”。现在，如果你不知道什么是“writer's block”的话，那就太好了！
Look it up! But you can also add definitions and example sentences right here on the word map so that you can see it, remember it, practise it, associate it to the other words that you've got on the page.
那就查一查！但是你也可以在单词地图上添加定义和例句，这样你就可以看到它，记住它，练习它，将它与你在页面上的其他单词联系起来。
That said I am trying to teach you a technique that you can use every day to improve your vocabulary. So let's just say you've only got ten minutes to do this so that you can make it happen, you can build that habit and do it every day.
说到这里，我想教大家一个技巧，你可以每天使用它来提高你的词汇量。假如说你只有十分钟的时间来做这件事，这样你就可以做到，你就可以建立这种习惯，每天都坚持做下去。
You don't need to exhaust an entire list of words associated with write, you know it's okay if you just get a couple down and you start this process, you don't need to research until you find every last one. So once you've built out your word family, you want to start thinking about some common collocations.
你不需要穷尽所有与写作有关的词语清单，只是记下几个单词就可以了，开始这个过程即可，不需要深入研究，直到每个单词都找完。建立词族之后，就要开始考虑一些常见的搭配。
Collocations are words that are often used together in English like it's really common to hear fast food. It's not common to hear quick food.
搭配是指在英语中经常一起使用的词，比如说我们经常听到“fast food”这种说法。但是我们不经常听到“quick food”。
We throw a party in English, we don't make a party. These are examples of collocations and learning the words that are often used with your root word and the words that you're exploring in the word family is going to help you to sound much more natural when you're using them yourself, much more like a native English speaker.
在英语中，我们会“throw a party”，而不是“make a party”。这些都是搭配的例子，学习经常和你的词根一起使用的单词，以及你在词族中探索发现的单词，这会有助于你在自己使用时听起来更自然，更像一个英语母语者。
So let's see how we can use the verb write. We use write with a noun, we write something like a story, a blog post, an article, a report but we also use write with an adverb.
现在让我们看看我们如何使用动词“write”。我们会用写搭配一个名词，我们会写一些东西，比如说一个故事、一篇博文、一篇文章、一份报告，但我们也会用写加副词。
We write beautifully or we write poorly or enthusiastically. We also often see write with prepositions.
我们写得很好，或写得很差，或写得很热情。我们也经常看到写搭配介词。
We write about something or we write for someone or for an organisation. So again at this step, we want to start by writing down what we already know and then go exploring, finding collocations and other words that are often used with it and adding to our word map.
我们写一些东西，或者我们为某人或某个组织写作。同样在这一步，我们要先写下我们已经知道的东西，然后再去探索，寻找经常与之搭配的词，并添加到我们的单词地图中。
Now I've included a couple of really useful collocations dictionaries down in the description below so as you're exploring words that often get used with your word, it's a really, really great tool to use to start expanding on what you already know. Now because we're focusing on write as a verb then we might also think of some phrasal verbs that use write.
我在下面的描述中放了几个非常有用的搭配字典，当你在探索那些经常与你的词一起使用的词时，这是一个非常、非常棒的工具，可以用来开始扩展你已经知道的知识。因为我们在这里探究的是“write”作为一个动词，所以我们也可能想到一些里面有“write”这个词的短语动词。
We write off. We write down.
我们注销了。我们写下来。
We write up something. And if you're feeling up to it you might even add an idiom or two that use write as well just to explore different types of phrases and expressions with this word.
我们写了一些东西。如果你觉得可以的话，甚至可以添加一两个使用写作的俗语，以此来探索这个词的不同类型的短语和表达。
It's nothing to write home about. This is a great one! We use it to say that something is not very impressive, it's a bit mediocre.
这没什么可写的。这是一个很好的例子! 我们用它来表示某件事情不是很突出，有点平庸。
Okay next step. Which words have a similar meaning to write?
好的，下一步。哪些词与“write”意思相似呢？
We're going to take a look at some synonyms now. Can you think of any?
我们现在要看一下同义词。你能想到什么呢？
Record. Copy.
记录。复制。
Pen. Print.
笔。打印。
Draft. Scribble. We take notes, we compose and really simply, we communicate.
草稿。乱写乱画。我们做笔记，我们写文章，我会进行交流。
So learning and playing with all these different ways that you can express yourself in English is gonna make the words that you choose and the way that you sound so much more interesting and colourful and I bet you didn't realise just how many different ways you can express the same idea in English, right? Right?
所以用这些不同的方式进行学习，你可以用英语表达自己，这将让你选择的单词和你的声音更加有趣、更加丰富多彩，我敢打赌你肯定没有意识到你可以用很多不同的方式用英语表达同一个想法，对吗？对吧？
Write? Am I right? So naturally, the next idea to explore is antonyms, words that have the opposite meaning.
写？我说得对吗？所以很自然地，下一个要探索的就是反义词，即具有相反含义的词。
Now really I recommend this step only for my higher-level students. If you're a new student or you're just getting back to your English after a long break then I recommend that you just take your time, focus on the words that are really closely connected to each other.
我只向我的高年级学生推荐这个步骤。如果你是一个新学生的话，或者你在长期休息后刚刚重新开始学习英语的话，那么我建议你慢慢来，集中精力学习那些紧密联系的单词。
So if you're up for the challenge, let's add even more detail to our vocabulary map. We can go further.
如果你愿意接受挑战的话，让我们为我们的词汇图添加更多细节吧。我们可以继续深入。
So if write means to create something, to put it on paper, what words would mean the opposite of this? Erase.
如果写意味着创造东西，把它写在纸上的话，什么词的意思与此相反呢？擦除。
Delete. Ignore.
删除。忽视。
By focusing on the antonyms, we're taking the attention away from the literal meaning of the word so erase directly relates to writing because it means to remove written work and delete is to remove digital written work, right? And if we write when we're paying attention to information then the opposite of that would be to ignore, to not write, to not record, right?
通过考察反义词，我们把注意力从这个词的字面意思上移开，所以“erase”和“write”是直接相关的，因为它的意思是删除纸面写的东西，而“delete”是删除电脑写的东西，对吗？而如果我们在关注信息的时候写作的话，那么与此相反的就是忽略，不写，不记录，对吗？
And the last step. If you're anything like me drawing visual cues can help you to remember new words and to associate them with others that you're learning or even just to remember the context in which they're used.
现在是最后一步啦。如果你和我一样的话，画出视觉提示可以帮助你记住新单词，并将它们与你正在学习的其他单词联系起来，或者只是记住它们的使用环境。
And you don't have to be an artist, nobody is expecting brilliant work. You just need to draw something that will remind you about what that word means.
你不必一定要像艺术家那样，没有人会期待你画出什么非凡的作品。你只需要画一些能提醒你这个词的含义的东西。
So for write-off I've drawn a car because write-off usually means that something is so badly damaged that it can't be repaired, like a car when it's been in a bad accident and this is how it's often used. I've used a musical note for the word compose because compose is a verb that is often used with music.
那么 write-off 这个词呢，我画了一辆车，因为 write-off 通常意味着某样东西被严重损坏，无法修复，比如一辆车发生了严重的事故，它一般都是这么实用的。 [欧 路] 我用一个音符来表示作曲这个词，因为作曲是一个动词，经常与音乐一起使用。
The artist writes music or they compose it. And for delete, well it might help you to remember the word if you draw the icon or the button from your computer keyboard.
艺术家会作曲。而对于 delete 这个词而言，如果你画一个电脑键盘上的图标或按钮，可能会帮助你记住这个词。
These visual elements can help you to remember the words or to associate them with the others that you're learning as well. Okay so now I have a little challenge for you if you're up to it.
这些视觉元素可以帮助你记住这些单词，或将它们与你正在学习的其他单词联系起来。好了，现在我准备了一个小小的挑战，你可以接受这个挑战吗。
I'm gonna set a root word right here and I want you to take the process that you just learned today, create your own vocabulary map and try this out for yourself. The root word that I'm setting for you is to laugh.
我会在这里放一个词根，我想让你重复一下今天刚学到的过程，创建你自己的词汇图，自己尝试一下。我给大家的词根是 laugh。
Now I want to see your word maps okay? So if you complete this challenge and you do your own vocabulary map, take a picture, share it with me on Instagram.
我想看看你的词汇地图，好吗？ 倩言 如果你完成了这个挑战，做好了你自己的词汇图的话，那就拍张照片，在 Instagram 上与我分享一下吧。
I've created my own version of a word map as well so after you've created yours, you can check out mine and you can compare. And that's it! One really simple and enjoyable activity that you can use every day for around ten or fifteen minutes to help you continue to grow your vocabulary, to explore new words, to associate them with the ones that you already know.
我也创建了我自己的词汇地图，所以你做完之后可以看看我的，进行一下比较。就这么多啦! 这是一个非常简单愉快的活动，你可以每天花大约10或15分钟来帮助你继续增加你的词汇量，探索新的词汇，将它们与你已经知道的词汇联系起来。
It really is going to open up a whole new world of words for you. If you enjoyed today's lesson, make sure you give the video a like or you let me know down in the comments, all of that helps.
它将为你打开一个全新的词汇世界。如果你喜欢今天的课程的话，请一定要给视频点个赞哦，或者在评论中告诉我，你的支持对我意义很大。
And if you want to keep practising with me right now, let's check out this lesson together. I'll see you in there!
如果你现在想和我继续练习的话，让我们一起看看这堂课把。我在那里等待着大家！
