- A+
join in指参加某项比赛或活动, 常用于口语中, 也可用于join sb. in (doing) sth 意为“加入……(做)……”。例如:
join (me) in cleaning the room
join us in discussing the problem
take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等, 往往指参加者持有积极的态度, 起一定作用, 有时与join in互换。
attend 是正式用语, 为及物动词, 指参加会议、谈判、参加婚礼、葬礼、典礼、去上课、去上学、听报告等集会。句子的主语只是去听, 去看, 自己不一定起积极作用。
attend a lesson上课
attend the meeting 参加会议
attend a speech 听演讲
attend the party 参加晚会
alone / lonely
(510-1) --I know Old Joe lives ____.
--We should visit him from time to time. Then he won’t feel ____.
A. alone, alone B. lonely, lonely
C. lonely, alone D. alone, lonely
(510-2) The old woman lives _____ in a _____ village, but she doesn’t feel _____.
A. alone; lonely; lonely B. alone; alone; lonely
C. lonely; alone; lonely D. lonely; lonely; alone
【解析】句意:(510-1) --我知道老Joe是一个人独居—我们应该时常去看望他,那么它不会感到孤独了; (510-2) 那位老太太一个人居住在一个荒凉的村子,但是她并不感到孤独。答案:(510-1) D; (510-2) A。
alone也是一个表语形容词, 不能充当前置定语 (可以充当后置定语). 它只是用来描述一种客观事实 (“独自一人”), 强调“旁边没有同伴或助手等其它人在场”,并不表示心理上的感受。例如: walk alone (独自散步), live alone (一个人独住)。
lonely同其它以后缀-ly结尾的形容词 (如lovely, friendly, lively) 一样, 也具有一种极其浓厚的情感色彩 (它强调因为缺少朋友、伴侣、同情、友谊而产生心灵上的”孤独、寂寞、荒凉、悲伤与忧郁”的感觉), 表达了”渴望知己”的含义。
lonely用来描述地点名词时, 表示“偏僻”、”荒凉”、”荒无人烟、人迹罕至”的意思。例如:a lonely island (荒凉的小岛), a lonely village (荒凉的村庄)。
excited / exciting
(60-1) The football fans became ___ when David Beckham came out of the airport.
A. excite B. excited
C. exciting D. excitingly
(60-2) The children are all ____ about the ___ match.
A. exciting, exciting B. excited, excited
C. exciting, excited D. excited, exciting
【解析】句意:(60-1) 当David Beckham走出机场的时候,那些球迷变得激动起来; (60-2) 对于这场激动人心的比赛孩子们都很激动。答案:(60-1) B; (60-2) D。
exciting (令人兴奋的)是由现在分词转化而来的的形容词,指消息或清洁具有主动意义(能够感染别人的情绪);, excited (感到兴奋的)是由过去分词转化而来的形容词,具有被动意义(情绪被感染)。
温馨提示外貌(look),脸庞 (face), 表情 (expression),微笑 (smile),声音(voice),叫喊声 (shouts, cry),眼神(eyes)和泪水(tear)等名词可以和过去分词化的形容词excited。
(60-3) There was an ____ look on his face when the film star appeared.
A. excited B. excite
C. exciting D. excitedly
(60-4) Listen! Did you hear the ____ shouts? The match must be wonderful.
A. excited B. excite
C. exciting D. excitedly
【解析】句意:(60-3) 电影明星出现的时候他面露激动之色; (60-4) 听!你能听到激动的呼喊吗?。、答案:(60-3) A; (60-4) A。
in the end / at the end
(61-1) ____ they reached the small village before dusk.
A. Towards the end B. By the end
C. In the end D. At the end
(61-2) The old man lived _____ the road.
A. in the end of B. to the end of
C. by the end of D. at the end of
(61-3) Our teacher spoke _____ the meeting.
A. by the end of B. in the end of
C. to the end of D. at the end of
【解析】句意:(61-1) 最后他们在黄昏前到达了那个小村庄; (61-2) 那个老人就住在这条马路的尽头; (61-3) 我们老师在大会的最后作了发言。答案:(61-1) C; (61-2) D; (61-3) D。
at the end of在...末尾 (可表示时间, 也可表示空间)
at the end of the road 这条路的尽头
at the end of last year 去年年底
in the end归根结底 (in the end 后面不能连接of短语)。例如:
In the end they reached a place of safety. 他们终于到达了一个安全的地方。
温馨提示同样,at the beginning后面也可以连接of …短语,而in the beginning后面也不可以连接of …短语。
ago / before
(62-1) His family moved to this city ____.
A. three years ago B. three years before
C. about three years D. from three years ago
(62-2) His father gets up ____ every morning and he is very busy all day long.
A. five o’clock ago B. five o’clock before
C. five hours ago D. before five o’clock
【解析】句意:(62-1) 他一家是三年前搬到这个城市的; (62-2) 他爸爸每天早上五点钟之前就起床了,一天都很忙。答案:(62-1) A; (62-2) D。
ago和before都可以表达“……以前”的概念,但是它们所表示的时间和用法不同。
ago只能用作副词,表示“(从此刻算起的一段时间) 之前”,与一般过去时连用。如:
(1) I started learning English two years ago. 我两年前开始学习英语。
(2) She phoned me five minutes ago. 她在五分钟之前打了电话给我。
ago前面必须与一个时间段 (如an hour, two weeks, three months, four days, five years, ten minutes, half a year, many years) 连用。
before表示“之前”,可作介词 (如:before six o’clock, before breakfast time, before class)与一般时态连用,也可作连词 (引导时间状语从句时),表示从过去或将来某个时刻算起的一段时间之前。an hour before指的是从过去某个时间或某个过去的时间算起的“多长时间之前”。
关于主谓一致的考点
貌似“人称代词”作主语
(63-1) “I” ____ the ninth letter in the alphabet.
A. am B. am not
C. is D. is not
【解析】句意:“I”是字母表中的第九个字母。答案:C。此处说的是“字母I”而不是“我”。
(63-2) “You” ____ a personal pronoun.
A. am B. am not
C. is D. is not
【解析】句意:“You”是一个人称代词。答案:C。此处说的是“单词you”而不是“你”。
貌似there be结构的题目
(64-1) The book there _____ a lot of interesting stories and I like it very much.
A. is B. are
C. have D. has
(64-2) The pumpkin lantern there _____ some candles in it.
A. is B. are
C. has D. have
(64-3) I hear the bookshop there _____ many books on cooking.
A. is B. are
C. have D. has
【解析】句意:(64-1) 那儿的那本书有很多有趣的故事,我很喜欢; (64-2) 那儿的那个南瓜灯里面有一些蜡烛; (64-3) 我听说哪儿的那家书店有很多关于烹调的书。答案:(64-1) D; (64-2) C; (64-3) D。
以上各题中,很多同学都会在第一时间想到there be结构而思考填入be动词的某种形式。其实每个there都只是前面名词的后置定语。there前面的那个名词才真正是句子的主语,谓语动词应当与there前面的名词保持一致。
如果错看成there be结构,前面的名词就没有了着落(除非在名词前面加上适当的介词,如in)。
(65-1) We should think of _____ old and _____ sick.
A. a; a B. an; a
C. the; the D. /; /
(65-2) _____ should study hard for their work.
A. Young B. The young man
C. The young D. The young girl
【解析】句意:(65-1) 我们应该为老人和病人着想; (65-2) 年轻人应该为工作努力学习。答案:(65-1) C; (65-2) C。
定冠词the与形容词连用表示具有某一类特征的群体,多作复数意义。
the poor (穷人)the rich (富人);
the old(erly)(老年人)the young (年轻人)
the sick (病人)the healthy (健康的人)
the elder (老大) the homeless无家可归的人
其它考点
someday / some day和one day
(66-1) I hope my daughter ____ (go) to the USA for further study some day.
(66-2) You ____ (learn) more about the world some day.
(66-3) You have to learn to look after yourself because you ____ (leave) your parents one day.
【解析】句意:(66-1) 我希望我女儿有朝一日到美国去深造; (66-2) 将来你会对这个世界了解得更多; (66-3) 你得学会照顾自己,因为将来总有一天你会离开父母的。答案:(66-1) will / can go; (66-2) will learn; (66-3) will leave。one day除了表示“(过去曾经)有一天”,还可以表示“(将来)总有一天”,相当于someday或some day(注意:不是some days),与将来时态连用。同学们须仔细审题,从上下文的语境准确判断时态。
多位数的读法
(67-1) There are _____ days in a year.
A. three hundreds sixty-five
B. three hundreds and sixty-five
C. three hundred and sixty-five
D. three hundred and sixty five
(67-2) There are _____ students in this school.
A. eight hundreds and forty-six
B. eight hundred and forty six
C. eight hundred and forty-six
D. eight hundred forty-six
【解析】句意:(67-1) 一年有三百六十五天; (67-2) 这所学校有八百四十五名学生。答案:(67-1) C; (67-2) C。
多位数的读法有一定规律可循:百位以内的数目一般在百位和十位之间加一个and, 在美国英语中, and可有可无。十位数与个位数之间用连字符。千位以上的数目从右向左 (即从低位向高位) 数起, 每三位数加一个逗号。从右开始, 第一个逗号处读 thousand, 第二个逗号处读 million, 第三个逗号处读billion. 然后从前往后每三位数按百以内数的读法“百、十、个”去读, 读到逗号处, 加上billion, million或thousand等词。