- A+
1. 看题干，断定指代词类型。
2. 带着题干主条理回原文找到阴影代词，根据上下文内容断定答案。（留心：在文章中，指代内容一般在代词之前呈现，但有时也会呈如今带代词后。指代内容可以与代词在同一个语句，也可以在另一个语句中呈现。）
3. 将所选的答案替代被标识的单词或短语放回原文，使用语法查验它能否使语句表达通畅。
咱们以OG Practice Set 6中的question 2为例：
Passage: Tunas, mackerels, and billfishes have made streamlining in to an art form. Their bodies are sleek and compact. The body shapes of tunas, in fact, are nearly ideal from engineering point of view. Most species lack scales over most of the body, making it smooth and slippery. The eyes lie flush with the body and do not produce at all. They are also covered with a slick, transparent lid that reduces drag. The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours…
The word they in the passage refers to
○ qualities
○ fins
○ grooves
○ depressions
解题：首要根据题干咱们可以看出此题中查询的是人称代词they的指代内容；然后在文中定位到阴影they 地址语句。而众所周知在主从句中，从句的代词主语一般指代主句的名词主语，而主句的代词主语一般指代从句的名词主语，因而咱们可以初步得出答案为 fins；把fins放回原文使用语法查看，它可以使语句表达通畅，因而可以断定正确答案为fins。
解题技巧
◆ 就近原则。所谓就近原则即为代词(特别联络代词)一般指代离它迩来的名词或代词。例：
Passage: … The first weekly newspaper in the colonies was the Boston Gazette, established in 1719, the same year that marked the appearance of Philadelphia’s first newspaper, the American Mercury, where the young Benjamin Franklin worked. By 1760, Boston had 4 newspapers and 5 other printing establishments; Philadelphia, 2 newspapers and 3 other presses; and New York, 3 newspapers. The distribution, if not the sale, of newspapers was assisted by the establishment of a postal service in 1710, which had a network of some 65 offices by 1770, serving all 13 colonies…
The word which in the passage refers to
○ distribution
○ sale
○ newspaper
○ postal service
解题：首要根据题干咱们可以看出此题中查询的是联络代词which的指代内容；然后在文中定位到阴影which地址语句，根据就近原则查找，咱们会发现指代内容在代词之前呈现，而且与代词在同一语句中，postal service可以初步定为答案；把postal service放回原文查看，语法正确而且契合语义和逻辑，因而可以断定正确答案为postal service。
◆ 数格共同原则。所谓数格共同原则即为被指代目标一般与指代词在数(奇数或复数)和格（第一人称、第二人称、第三人称）两方面相同。如奇数代词it指代第三人称的奇数名词，复数代词they指代第三人称的复数名词。例：
Passage: Most Americans still get married at some point in their lives, but even that group, is shrinking. Among current generations of adults – starting with those born in the 1920s – more than 90 perc
ent have married or will marry at some point in their lives. However, based on recent patterns of marriage and mortality, demographers calculate that a growing share of the younger generation is postponing marriage for so long that an unprecedented number will never marry at all. Data on cohabitation and unmarried childbearing suggests that marriage is becoming less relevant to Americans. 2.8 million of the nation’s households are unmarried couples, and one-third of them are caring for children , according to the Census Bureau.
The word them in the passage refers to
○ younger generations
○ data
○ Americans
○ unmarried couples
解题：首要根据题干咱们可以看出此题中查询的是人称代词them的指代内容，them为复数人称代词，而选项中在原文呈现的单词data为奇数，根据数格共同的原则，咱们可以直接打扫data；然后在文中定位到阴影them地址语句，根据上下文内容，咱们会发现指代内容在代词之前呈现，而且与代词在同一个语句中，unmarried couples可以初步定为答案；把unmarried couples放回原文查看，语法正确而且契合语义和逻辑，因而可以断定正确答案为unmarried couples。
